Variable safety-lock with controlling device.



B. KOTKOVSKY.

VARIABLE SAFETY LOCK WITH CONTROLLING DEVICE.

APPLICATION IILED AUG. 1, 1910.

1,040,696. Patented 001;. s, 1912.

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B. KOTKOVSKY.

VARIABLE SAFETY LOOK WITH CONTROLLING DEVICE. APPLICATION FILED AUG.1,1910. 1,040,696, Patented Oct. 8, 1912.

2 SHEET8SHEBT 2.

BENJAMEN KOTKOVSKY, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

VARIABLE SAFETY-LOCK WITH CONTROLLING DEVICE.

Specification 01 Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 8, 1912.

Application filed August 1, 1910. Serial No. 575,021.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMEN Ko'rnov- SKY, a subject of the Emperor ofRussia, and resident of Paris, France, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Variable Safety-Locks with Controlling Devices,of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a lock which possesses the following principaladvantages: 1. If a false key or picklock is inserted in this improveddoor-lock it can turn around in the same infinitely without ever comingin contact with any piece offering absolute resistance, so that it isquite impossible to open the lock with the false key. 2. If the properkey should get lost the acting parts of the lock can be arranged bymeans of a special device in such a manner that the lock can be openedonly by means of a second key specially constructed. 3. If anyone shouldtry to open the lock with a picklock or with the double key for whichthe door lock is not adjusted, this is immediately registered by anindicating hand; this indicating hand further scratches the fingers ofthe person tampering with the lock or with the drawer, so that it willbe easy to trace this person. These different effects are1 obtained bymeans of a tumbler spring loc c.

The improved lock is shown by way of example in the accompanyingdrawings.

Figure 1 shows the improved lock in front view, the different partsbeing in locking position; Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 thedifferent parts being shown in open position. Figs. 3 and 4 show themechanism for operating the indicating hand if a picklock is inserted.Fig. 5 shows the door knob. Fig. 6 shows the tumblers. Fig. 7 representsthe key.

Upon the main plate 1 of the lock case 2 the bolt 3 is movably mounted;this bolt is enlarged by means of a plate 4 of the particular shapeshown in Figs. 1 and 2 and conveniently guided in the lock case. Amember 5 is placed upon said plate 4 and pivotally fixed upon themain-plate 1 by means of the pivot 6. The tumblers 7 and 8 (Fig. 6)which serve for preventing the opening of the lock by a picklock orfalse key are arranged over said member 5 and can swing around the axle9. They have .each a notch 10 at the end opposite the axle 9. Springs 11bear against a shoulder 12 of each of the tumblers so that the ends ofthe tumblers near the axle 9 are pushed away from said axle, theopposite ends of the same being placed the one over the other. An arm 13of a lever 14 pivoted at 15 is continually pushed by a spring 16 againstthe free ends of the tumblers, so that said lever is maintained in itslocking position, that is to say its arm 13 being in engagement with thenotch 10 of the tumblers when the lock is unlocked (Fig. 2). At the freeend of lever 1 1 a lever 17 is hinged the free end of which forms a hook18. Two angular levers 19 and 20, pivoted at 21 and 22 mesh at theiradjacent ends the one with the other by means of the small toothedsectors 23. The free ends of said lovers can penetrate into the notches24, 25 of the plate 4 of the bolt. A spring 26 acts upon a shoulder 27of the angular lever 19 so that the free ends of said angular levers areseparated and moved outward. A flat piece 28 adapted to oscillate arounda pivot 29 bears with its stud 30 upon the inner arm of the angularlever 19. At the center of the lock between the tumblers, a socket 31for the key is arranged. This socket has longitudinal slots 32 for thepassage of the key bit. The socket has at its lower part twoperpendicular arms 33, 341 of different length and situated in differentplanes; the arm 33 is situated in the same plane as the bolt plate 1 andthe arm 34 in that of the member 5.

The improved safety lock operates as follows :-To operate the lock thekey has to be inserted in the socket 31 and more particularly in thelongitudinal slots 32 of the same. This key 35 (Fig. 7) is made of aflat piece of metal and has a longitudinal central slot 36. The twoshanks 37, 38 have at the lower ends superposed notches 39 of differentdepth. There are as many notches 39 at the end of each shank as thereare tumblers in the lock. If the lock is unlocked (Fig. 2) the arm 13engages with all the notches 10 of all the tumblers 7, 8. The arm 33 ofthe key socket is in its lowest vertical position. To look the lock thekey is turned through 180 in the direction from right to left. The arm33 acts upon the bolt plate 41 lifting the same against the action ofthe spring 6t. At the same time the short arm 84: of the socket actsupon the member 5 whereby the arm 13 is withdrawn from the notches 10 ofthe tumblers. The spring 26 causes the angular levers 19, 20 tooscillate so that their ends engage with the notches 24, 25 of the boltplate 4, maintaining said bolt in the locking position. The lock beingclosed, that is to say, all its parts being in the locking position Fig.1), the key has to be turned from left to right for unlocking the lock.After the key has been turned for 90 all the notches 39 of its shanksbear against the tumblers 7, 8 and have pushed the same so that all thenotches 10 of said tumblers are superposed. The arm 13 enters saidnotches, being pushed by the action of the spring 16. The end 18 oflever 17 moves up the inclined edge of the piece 28 so that it comes incontact with the perpendicular arm 33. If the arm 33 is being turnedfarther the arm 33 of the socket acts upon the lever 17 and pushes thesame back, so that the flat piece 28 upon which said lever acts in itsturn, exerts by its stud 30 a pressure upon the inner arm of thearticulated angular levers 19, 20 which swinging around their pivotsrelease the bolt plate 4. The belt being thus re leased can go backunder the action of the spring 67 The axle 15 around which the lever 14pivots is mounted upon an eccentric fixed at the end of a hand knob 40.This eccentric can be turned by means of the hand knob 40 for 180whereby the axle 15 is displaced. The arm 13 being displaced with theaxle 15 is no longer in the required position to penetrate into thenotches 10 when the same are superposed, in consequence of the key beingturned through 90. If the eccentric has been thus displaced a second keyhas to be used, the notches 39 of which are arranged so that they bringthe notches 10 of the tumbler into the proper position.

The arrangement which has been just described greatly increases thesecurity of the improved lock, as it permits of the immediate alterationof the lock if a key has been lost, two sets of keys being of courseprovided for each lock. The hand knob 40 is mounted on the outer surfaceof the mainplate so that it is accessible only from inside the drawer.

There is further connected with this improved lock an indicating devicewhich registers any attempt at opening the lock with a false key or witha picklock. This mecha nism consists of a lever 41 (Fig. 3) adapted tooscillate around the pivot 42 and prolonged beyond its pivot by apointed finger 43. If any attempt is made to open the lock with a falsekey or picklock the notches 10 of the tumblers do not coincide properlyto permit the arm 13 penetrating into the same. Herefrom follows thatthe end 18 of the lever 17 does not go up the incline of the fiat piece28 and consequently the long arm 33 of the socket 31 does not come inproved look a device which is designed to l scratch the fingers of theperson who should attempt to open the lock with a false key. Thismechanism is shown in Fig. 5 and it operates after the person, believingthat he has succeeded to open the lock tries to pull out the drawer inpulling at the hand knob. This mechanism is constructed as follows. Arod 50 is fixed by means of a nut 52 upon the lock case 2. A tube 53mounted upon said rod 50 carries at its outer end the hand knob 49. Thistube 53 is guided upon the rod 50 by means of a diaphragm 54. A spiralspring 55 surrounding the rod 50 is inclosed between the enlarged head51 of said rod and the diaphragm 54, so that the hand knob 49 isconstantly pulled toward the drawer. The tube 53 terminates at its innerend in a ring 56 which has a slot with inclined surface 57 at one end.The lever 41 which is normally lowered serves as abutment for said ring56. A sleeve 58 fixed upon a disk 59 is mounted upon the tube 53. Saiddisk 59 has sharp points 60. A spring 61 presses against the disk 59 andtries to push the same toward the hand knob 49.- 3

The disk 59 is however maintainedin inoperative position by means of alever 62 which is maintained by a spring 67 (Fig. In

front of the disk 59 a plate 64 is mounted,

which has holes for the passage of the points 60. This plate 64 is keptat a certain distance of the disk 59 by means of a blade spring. Thismechanism operates as follows :If the false key inserted in the lock hasacted upon the finger 43 as has been" rapidly pushed forward sothat thepoints or prongs 60 passing through the perfora-' tions of the coverplate 63 scratch the fingers of the person tampering with the look. Inorder to prevent this scratching mechanism from operating when the lockis normally. H unlocked, the boltv plate 4 has a shoulder 66 which actsupon the finger 43 (Fig. 2) if the bolt is Withdrawn, maintaining thusthe lever 41 in the position in which it locks the scratching mechanism.

I claim 1. An improved safety lock comprising in combination with thelock bolt, two series of tumblers arranged in opposite directions uponsaid lock bolt and each having a notch at its free end, a locking leverpivotally mounted in the lock case engageable with said notches when thesame are superposed, an eccentrically arranged axle carrying saidlocking lever, a special key for bringing said tumblers to theregistering position, and springs fixed to the lock casing and actingupon said tumblers, substantially as described and shown and for thepurpose set forth.

2. An improved safety lock comprising in combination a hand knob, a tubeupon which said hand knob is mounted, a ring at the end of said tube, arod fixed in the lock case and surrounded by said ring, a spiral springsurrounding said rod, an enlarged head of said fixed rod and a diaphragmcarried by said tube serving as abutments for said spring, a sleeveloosely mounted upon said tube, a disk with pointed prongs fixed uponsaid sleeve, a cover plate in front of said disk and having perforationsfor the passage of said pointed prongs, a strong spiral spring forpushing said disk suddenly forward, and a lever for maintaining saidsleeve in inoperative position, an indicating device connected with saidsleeve and a lever of said indicating device for locking said tube, sothat if after a fraudulent attempt to open the lock with a false keysaid lever has been removed the disk is released as soon as the handknob is being pulled, the pointed prongs penetrating through theperforations of the cover plate scratching the hand of the persontampering with the lock, substantially as described and shown and forthe purpose set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twowitnesses.

BENJAMEN KOTKOVSKY. Witnesses:

DEAN B. MASON, ALBERT on GASSALADO.

Copies of this patent mav be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, I). 0.

